Pediatric Respiratory Care in Shourya’s Hospital

Respiratory illness in children is a common concern for parents, as young immune systems are more vulnerable to infections and breathing difficulties. Among the most prevalent conditions affecting children are bronchopneumonia, croup, and asthma. Early recognition and appropriate treatment can help manage these conditions effectively and prevent complications.

Bronchopneumonia in Children

Bronchopneumonia is a type of pneumonia that affects patches in both lungs, making it harder for a child to breathe. It is often caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. Symptoms of bronchopneumonia include high fever, persistent cough, rapid breathing, chest pain, and fatigue. Infants and toddlers may experience poor feeding and irritability.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Bacterial infections (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae)
• Viral infections (e.g., influenza, respiratory syncytial virus)
• Weakened immune system
• Exposure to secondhand smoke

Treatment and Prevention

Treatment for bronchopneumonia in children depends on the underlying cause. Bacterial infections require antibiotics, while viral infections are managed with supportive care, including fever control, hydration, and rest. Preventive measures include timely vaccination, maintaining good hygiene, and avoiding respiratory irritants.

Croup in Children

Croup is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the upper airway, leading to a characteristic barking cough, hoarseness, and difficulty breathing. It primarily affects children under five years old and worsens at night.

Symptoms of Croup

• Harsh, barking cough
• Stridor (a high-pitched breathing sound)
• Fever
• Hoarseness

Managing Croup in Children

Most cases of croup in children are mild and can be treated at home with humidified air, fluids, and fever management. Severe cases may require hospital care with nebulized epinephrine or corticosteroids to reduce airway swelling.

Asthma in Children

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to airway narrowing, causing wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. It can be triggered by allergens, cold air, exercise, or infections.

Causes and Triggers

• Allergens (dust mites, pet dander, pollen)
• Viral infections
• Air pollution
• Cold weather

Asthma Treatment for Children

Management of asthma in children includes inhalers, medications, and lifestyle modifications to avoid triggers. Long-term control medications help prevent symptoms, while quick-relief inhalers provide immediate relief during asthma attacks.

When to Seek Medical Help?

Immediate medical attention is needed if a child experiences:

• Difficulty breathing or blue-tinged lips
• High fever with persistent cough
• Severe wheezing or gasping for breath

Respiratory illnesses like bronchopneumonia, croup, and asthma in children require timely intervention and proper medical care. By recognizing early symptoms, ensuring vaccinations, and managing triggers, parents can help protect their child’s respiratory health. If your child experiences persistent breathing difficulties, consult a

pediatric pulmonologist

for expert guidance.